Applying Too Direct or Too Much Force During the CatchPhase of the Stroke - if during the catchphase of the stroke, too 在划臂的“抓水”阶段，手臂径直抓水或过分用力一如果在划臂的“抓水”阶段，手臂太直或过分用力，肱骨头就会旋进三角肌引起肌腱炎，肩胛骨也会挤压轴转肌而引起肌肉疼痛或组织损伤。
Collapsing the Elbow Across the Body During the Underwater Propulsive Phase of the Stroke - if the elbow is dropped duri在划臂的“抓水”阶段，手臂径直抓水或过分用力一如果在划臂的“抓水”阶段，手臂太直或过分用力，肱骨头就会旋进三角肌引起肌腱炎，肩胛骨也会挤压轴转肌而引起肌肉疼痛或组织损伤。
Conclusions Three dimension finite element analysis is an ideal mechanical method for the instantaneous injury mechanism结论三维有限元分析法是研究肱骨骨折瞬时受伤机制的理想生物力学工具。
Hinterman B, Trouillier HH, Schafer D, Rigid internal Fixation of fractures of the proximae humerus in older patients [ 杨绍安,余斌,童斌晖,等.陈旧性肱骨颈骨折并肩关节脱位手术治疗[J].中国矫形外科杂志,2000,7(6):597.
Images 1, 2. Normal fetal profile and humerus at 28th week of gestation.图1、2孕28周时胎儿轮廓和肱骨正常。