For the contractor ，a bid estimate submitted to the owner either for competitive bidding or negotiation consists of direct construction cost including field supervision ，plus a markup to cover general overhead and profits.
For the contractor ，a bid estimate submitted to the owner either for competitive bidding or negotiation consists of direct construction cost including field supervision ，plus a markup to cover general overhead and profits.
?建筑成本估算要求的精确程度在项目发展的不同阶段发生着变化，从早期的相近数字到施工前预算控制时相当准确的是数字。