Residual stresses developed during heat treatment are caused by: (1) thermal gradients within the metal, (2) nonuniform changes in the metallurgical structure, and (3) nonuniformity in the composition of the metal itself, such as that caused by segregatio
Residual stresses developed during heat treatment are caused by: (1) thermal gradients within the metal, (2) nonuniform changes in the metallurgical structure, and (3) nonuniformity in the composition of the metal itself, such as that caused by segregatio
热处理中产生残余应力的原因有：（1）金属中存在多级热梯度；（2）金相组织的非统一变化；（3）金属自身构成的非一致性，如隔离造成的非一致性。