（Allen, James, et al. Without Sanctuary: Lynching Photography in America. Santa Fe, N.M.: Twin Palms, 2000.
（Allen, James, et al. Without Sanctuary: Lynching Photography in America. Santa Fe, N.M.: Twin Palms, 2000.
詹姆士·艾伦等：《无处可藏：美国私刑摄影》。
（Allen, James, et al. Without Sanctuary: Lynching Photography in America. Santa Fe, N.M.: Twin Palms, 2000.
詹姆士·艾伦等：《无处可藏：美国私刑摄影》。